Waec Chemistry 2009 Past Questions and Answers

Question 56:

• WAEC 2009

(a) (i) State Boyle's law.
(ii) Give the mathematical expression of Boyle's law.
(iii) Sketch the graphical representation of Boyle's law.

(b) A given mass of gas occupied 500 cm3 at 30°C and 6.5 x 104 Nm\(^{-2}\). Calculate the volume of the gas at s.t.p. [ Standard pressure = 1.01 x 105 Nm\(^{-2}\)]

(c) Explain why an inflated balloon expands in warm water.

(d)(i) What is meant by the term vapour density? (ii) Determine the vapour density of SO\(_{2}\). [ S = 32, O = 16 ]

(e)(i) Which of the following gases, SO\(_{2}\) and NH\(_{3}\) can be collected by I. upward delivery; II. downward delivery?
(ii) What would be the nature of the solution formed by dissolving each of the following substances in water separately. I. SO\(_{2}\) II. NH\(_{3}\)
(iii) State the property exhibited by SO\(_{2}\) and NH\(_{3}\) in the following equations:
I. 2H\(_{2}\)S\(_{(aq)}\) + SO\(_{2(g)}\) \(\to\) 3S\(_{(s)}\) + 2H\(_{2}\)O\(_{(/)}\)
II. 3CuO\(_{(s)}\) + 2NH\(_{3(g)}\) \(\to\) 3Cu\(_{(s)}\) + 3H\(_{2}\)O\(_{(/)}\) + N\(_{2(s)}\).

(f) State two alloys of tin.
(ii) Give one use of each of the alloys in (f)(i).

Question 57:

• WAEC 2009

(a)(i) Define polymerization.
(ii) Mention two types of polymerization.
(iii) Give one example of I. naturally occurring polymer, II. synthetic polymer.
(b)(i) Describe how ethyne could be prepared in the laboratory.
(ii) Write an equation for the I. polymerization of ethyne II. complete reaction of ethyne with hydrogen bromide.
(iii) Name each of the products formed in (b)(ii) II.
(c)(i) Define each of the following terms: I. pollution; Il. pollutant.
(ii) Mention three types of pollution.
(iii) Give two ways by which pollution can be prevented.

Question 58:

• WAEC 2009

(a) Atoms of four non-metallic elements in the same group of the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic radius as R < T < W < X. Which of the elements
(i) would readily lose electron(s) from the outermost shell;
(ii) is most electronegative;
(iii) would T displace from aqueous solution;
(iv) is at the top of the group?

(b) The following table shows the electronic configuration of two elements Y and Z.

Element	Electronic Configuration
Y	1s\(^2\) 2s\(^2\) 2p\(^5\)
Z	1s\(^2\) 2s\(^2\) 2p\(^5\) 3s\(^1\)

(i) Name the I. group to which Y belongs II. period to which Z belongs.
(ii) What is the number of protons present in an atom of Z?
(iii) How many unpaired electrons are in an atom of Y?
(iv) Write the formula of the compound formed between Y and Z

(c) Name the type of bond(s) that exist(s) in each of the following compounds.
(i) CaCl\(_2\); (ii) NH\(_4\)Cl; CCl\(_4\)

(d) Describe how the conductance of a molar solution of ammonia compares to that of sodium hydroxide solution.
(e) State the type of reaction illustrated by each of the following equations:
(i) CH\(_3\)CH\(_2\)OH\(_{(/)}\) + CH\(_3\)COOH\(_{(aq)}\) \(\rightleftharpoons\) CH\(_3\)COOC\(_2\)H\(_5\)\(_{(/)}\) + H\(_2\)O\(_{(/)}\)
(ii) H+\(_{Y^+_{(aq)}\) + OH\(^+_{(aq)}\) \(\to\) H\(_2\)O

(f) Determine the volume of the residual gas when 20.0cm\(^3\) of hydrogen was sparked with 15.0cm\(^3\) of oxygen and the resulting mixture cooled to room temperature.

Question 59:

• WAEC 2009

(a)(1) Define each of the following terms: I. deliquescence; II. efflorescence.
(ii) Give one example I substance that undergoes each of the processes in (a)(i).

(b) Outline how three colourless gases suspected to be ethane, ethene and ethyne could be distinguished in the laboratory.

(c)(i) What is water crystallization?
(ii) Hydrated calcium chloride (CaCl\(_2\) = 111, xH\(_2\)O) contains 49.32% water of cystallization. Calm the value of x. [ (CaCl\(_2\) = 111, H\(_2\)O = 18 ]

(d) Name one calcium compound used (i) in the manufactur cement; (ii) as a dessicant; (iii) in the production of plaster of Paris (POP);
(iv) to neutralise acidic soils

(e) A concentrated solution of sodium chloride was electrolysed using graphite electrodes.
(i) State the ions present in the solution
(ii) Name the products at the I. anode, II. cathode.
(iii) Give the by-product of the electrolysis.