(a) Define the following terms: (i) Electric field intensity (ii) Electric potential (b) The diagram below illustrates two collinear electric charges of magnitudes + Q and -Q. The charges are equidistant from a point P at which a rest charge is placed.
Copy the diagram and use arrows to indicate, from the point P, the direction of the; (i) electric force F\(_1\) due to + Q. (ii) electric force F\(_2\) due to -Q. (iii) electric field intensity E.
(c) What is meant by dielectric substance? (ii) List the factors which determine the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor and state the effect each of them has on the capacitance.The diagram above represents a section of a circuit. Calculate the effective capacitance in the section. (iii)
The diagram above represents a section of a circuit. Calculate the effective capacitance in the section.
Explanation
(a)(i) Electric field intensity = Electric force per unit charge OR As negative potential i.e.E = \(\frac{-V}{d}\) OR E = \(\frac{F}{Q}\). where F is the force,
Q is the charge and E electric field intensity. (ii) Electric potential =- work done per unit charge to bring a (positive) charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
(b)
(c) (i) A dielectric substance is any insulating material placed between the plates of a capacitor
(ii) Factors
Effect on capacitor
common area of platesDistance between platesNature of dielectric
capacitance increases with areacapacitance decreased with increasing distancecapacitance increases with dielectric constant
