(a) Concurrent functions are powers and functions jointly exercised by both the federal, state/ regional governments but in the case of conflicts in discharging these duties, the power of the federal government will prevail over the state/regional governments.
(b) (i) A confederal system of government has a very weak Centre
(ii) The confederating States are nearly autonomous.
(iii) Secession of any component unit is constitutionally allowed.
(iv) Component units to develop at their own pace.
(v) Citizens' allegiance is more to the component units than to the confederation.
(vi) Component units co-operate on specific areas such as foreign affairs, currency and defense.
(vii) Exclusive legislative lists are reserved to the confederating units.
(viii) Each confederating unit retains its identity.
(ix) The confederacy depends on financial contributions from the confederating units.