Main functions of the executive in a modern state are: (i)Policy formulation is one of the major functions of the executive.
(ii) Implements the laws made in the state.
(iii) Appointment and removal of top officials of the state.
(iv) Declaration of war.
(v) He conducts foreign policy of the state
(vi) He exercises the prerogative of mercy.
(vii) The executive initiates bills, defends them and recommends measures for laws to be made.
(viii) He prepares and delivers the annual income and expenditure of the state.
(ix) Maintenance of law and order through the police and other law enforcement agencies.
(x) Signing of bills into laws.
(xi) The executive can make laws through delegated authority.
(xii) Provision of social amenities and infrastructural/facilities, e.g. roads.
(xiii) The executive can declare a state of emergency.
(xiv) He performs ceremonial functions.