(i) Entrenchment of Fundamental Human Rights in the constitution
(ii) The existence and operation of the principle of the Rule of Law.
(iii) Independence of the judiciary
(iv) Freedom of the press is essential.
(v) Existence of vibrant opposition
(vi) Existence of pressure groups in the society
(vii) Enlightenment programmes that will make the citizens to be aware of their rights.
(viii) Respect for international conventions on Human Rights by the government
(ix) Establishment of Human Rights Commission e.g. Ombudsman or Public Complaints Commission.
(x) Proper and efficient enforcement of law and order.
(xi) Upholding the doctrine of separation of powers with appropriate checks and balances.
(xii) Reduction in poverty level in the society.