(a) Calculation (i) Total population (3.2 + 5.4 + 7.4 + 6.5 + 4.2) = 26.7m or 26,700,000 persons per square metre (horizontal or vertical addition)
(ii) Total land area (140,000 + 98,000 + 35,000 + 120,000 + 86,000) km² = 479,000km²
(iii) Population density of country B Total population /Area in km² 26,700,000 person per km² = 55.74 persons per km² = 56 persons per km² 479,000
(b) Factors that influence the distribution of world human population
- relief
- climate
- soil/agriculture
-job opportunities
- accessibility/transport
- mineral deposit
- water supply
- industrialization/advancement in technology
- sources of food
- conflict/security
- presence of social amenities
- political conditions
- government policy
- migration
- historical factor
- commercial activities
- vegetation
- diseases
- environmental hazards
- cultural attachment
- religious factors
- infrastructural development
(c) Factors that cause an increase in world human population
- improved medical facilities - improved hygiene and sanitation
- adequate food supply/improved agriculture
- improved standard of living
- decrease in death rate
- increase in birth rate
- significance attached to number of children by some cultures
- improved science and technology
- polygamy
- illiteracy
- lack of family planning
- viewing child bearing as tradition wok of women
- government policy
- preference for male or female children by some cultures
- religious belief
- early marriage