(a) (i) Ways by which advanced technology has affected world population: (i) Provision of social amenities. (ii) Increased agricultural research. (iii) improved varieties of crops and animals. (iv) Proper waste disposal. (v) Development of chemicals to control pests (vi) Improved technology in food processing. (vii) Improved storage facilities. (viii) Development of chemicals to control diseases and improve yield. (ix) Development of fertilizers to improve fertility of soils (x) Early maturing and high yielding crops.
(xi) Provision of efficient farming equipment. (xii)Establishment of Industries to provide employment opportunities. (xiii) Leads to environmental pollution (xiv) Manufacturing of weapons of destruction. (xv) Harmful effects of pesticides and insecticides on health.
(xvi) Improved standard of living. (xvii) Improved irrigation and drainage facilities to support all year farming.
(ii) Ways by which improved medical care has affected world population: (i) Increased population through increase in birth over deaths. (ii) increased population of causes of many diseases. (iii) Adoption of family planning techniques (iv) Extended lifespan of people. (v) Reduction in infant mortality. (vi) Improved sanitation. (vii) Availability of qualified medical personnel. (viii) Increased knowledge of prevention of diseases immunization. (ix)Availability of modern medical facilities/research.
(b) Factors which account for the high density of population in Java: (i) Intensive agriculture (ii) Favourable climate (iii) improved medical care (iv) Political stability (v) irrigation (vi) Fertile volcanic and climate. (vii) Improved transport network (viii) Accessibility (i.x) Immigration (x) Cultural factors / attachments to land. (xi) Availability of employment opportunities (xii) Government policies (xiii) Establishment of industries (xiv) Introduction of new crops such as tea, sugarcane. coffee etc. (xv) Limited land area. (xvi) favorable relief