(a) Definition of water pollution. Water pollution is the release or injection of substances into the water bodies in quantities or level that are harmful to ma animals and plants.
(b) Causes of water pollution.
(i) Discharging industrial effluents or waste into water bodies.
(ii) Oil spillage.
(iii) Fishing with chemicals e.g. gamallin 2
(iv) Use of detergents in the water bodies.
(v) Use of chemical fertilizers.
(vi) Utilization of same water by man and animal
(vii) Acid rain.
(viii) Volcanic eruption.
(ix) Discharge of domestic waste into water.
(c) Effects of water pollution.
(i) Causes the death of aquatic animals and plants.
(2) Reduces the recreational values of water.
(3) Causes water borne diseases.
(4) Can encourage the growth of sea weeds and algae which can impede water transport.
(5) Impairs the use of water bodies for domestic use.
(6) Impairs the use of water for industrial purposes.
(7) Loss of man- hours in search of useable water.
(8) Creates unemployment among fishermen.
(d) Measures to control water pollution.
(1) Proper legislation on use of water bodies.
(2) Avoid dumping of untreated wastes into the waters.
(3) Public enlightenment.
(4) Good fishing practices.
(5) Providing public utilities e.g. toilets, incinerators, etc.
(6) Treatment of industrial waste.