(a) State four advantages of rural—urban migration (b) Describe four effects of rural—urban migration on the urban areas (c) Highlight two measures that can be taken to stop rural—urban migration.
Explanation
(a) Advantages of rural — urban Migration It helps urban growth — It creates labour for factories and industries — It enhances commercial activities — Promotes infrastructural development in urban areas —Decreases pressure on agricultural lands — Opportunity for better standard of living — It challenges the government to develop rural areas. (b) Effects of rural-urban migration on urban areas — Unemployment/under employment in urban areas — Housing problem — Traffic congestion Environmental deterioration — Increase in crime rate — Shortage of food in the urban areas High cost of living — Pressure on social amenities — Population imbalance/more able-bodied men urban areas — Development of slums/ghettos — Increase in government expenditure. (c) Measures that can be taken to stop rural-urban migration — Development of rural areas — siting of factories in rural areas — Establishing higher institutions it rural areas — Provision of social amenities in rural areas — Provision of job opportunities in rural area — Establishment of farm settlements in rural areas — Encouragement of co-operative ventures in rum areas — Soft loans to rural farmers — Development of good transport network.
