(a) (i) Drought is a state of prolonged and abnormal moisture deficiency and a general state of dryness
(ii) Any two areas affected by drought;
— it helps in pollination
— it aids sailing of ships and aviation
— Sahelian religion e.g. Senegambia, Mali, Soutern Mauritania, Bukina Faso, N. Ghana, N. Nigeria S. Niger Republic
— Desert areas: Namib desert, Californian desert region, Sahara desert
(b) Effects of drought;
— makes land to lose its biological and economic value
— reduction in agricultural productivity
— leads to famine and death of livestock and human beings
— creates a refugee problem
— conflicts between farmers and pastoralists
(c) Ways in which drought can be reduced;
— planting of drought resistant trees and crops planting of legumes and grasses
— provision of artificial water/ irrigation
— artificial stimulation or cloud seeding
— discouraging people from the use of firewood
— creation of green belt
— improved methods of farming
—controlled grazing
— environmental education/public enlightenment
— legislation against cutting of trees and bush burning.