(a) Characteristics of manufacturing industries in tropical Africa:
(i) Depend on imported machinery
(ii) Lab intensive
(iii) Mainly small scale industries
(iv) Dominated by foreign multinational corporations
(v) Mainly import substituting
(vi) Produce mainly consumer goods
(vii) Concentrated in towns
(b) Ways by which manufacturing industries contribute to economic development of tropical Africa:
(i) Provision of goods
(ii) Income to workers
(iii) Revenue to the government
(iv) Employment generation
(v) Provision of infrastructure
(vi) Conservation foreign exchange
(vii) Diversification of economy
(c) Problems facing industrial development in the region
(i) Inadequate capital
(ii) Political instability
(iii) Poor management
(iv) Inadequate power supply
(v) Inadequate skilled manpower
(vi) Competition posed by foreign goods
(vii) Poor transport and communication facilities
(viii) Sr market for industrial goods