(a) Effects of latitude on climate of Africa
(i) Insolation if more direct at the equator and included at the tropics
(ii) Rainfall amount is higher at the low latitudes than at the high latitude
(iii) There is rainfall all the year round at the low latitudes and seasonal in high latitudes
(b) Effects of ocean currents
(i) It determines the amount of rainfall
(ii) It affects rain formation
(iii) It leads to coastal fogs
(iv) It modifies temperature
(c) Distance from the sea
(i) Extremes of temperature in the interior
(ii) It is higher in the interior
(iii) Higher humidity along the coast
(iv) It also leads to thicker cloud cover along the coast