\(0.92 g\) of ethanol raised the temperature of \(100 g\) of water from \(298 K\) to \(312.3 K\) when burned completely. What is the heat of combustion of ethanol? \([ C =12 ; H =\) \(1 ; O =16\); specific heat capacity of water \(\left.=4.2 Jg ^{-1} K]\)
A. \(+300 kJmol\) B. \(+3000 kJmol\) C. \(-300 kJmol\) D. \(-3000 kJmol\)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
The heat of combustion, \(Q\) is given by: \(Q=m c \Delta \theta\) Where \(m\) - mass of water in calorimeter \(c-\) specific heat capacity of water \(\Delta \theta\) - temp. rise of water So, \(\begin{aligned} Q &=100 \times 4.2 \times(312.3-298) \\ &=6.006 kJ \end{aligned}\) \(=6.006 kJ\) No of mole of ethanol $$ \begin{aligned} &=\frac{0.92 g }{[(12 \times 2)+(1 \times 5)+16+1]}=\frac{0.92}{46} \\ &=0.02 mol \end{aligned} $$ If \(0.02 mol of _{2} H _{5} OH \rightarrow 6.006 kJ\) \(1 mol\) of \(C _{2} H _{5} OH \rightarrow x\) \(x=\frac{6.006 kJ \times 1}{0.02}=300.3 kJ\) \(\therefore\) The heat of combustion is \(-300.3 kJmol ^{-1}\), the reaction being exothermic