(a) Mention two organs each in each of the following parts of rabbit: (i) head; (ii) thorax; (i) abdomen.
(b) State one function of each of the following organs in farm animals: (i) caecum; (1) gizzard; (1) crop: (iv) rumen; (v) lung
(C) State six practical ways of checking malnutrition in livestock production.
Explanation
(a) Organs in Parts of Rabbit:
(i) Head: Tongue, Eye, ear, lips, teeth, nose/nostril, Mouth/oral cavity/buccal cavity, Brain, Skin, Hair, Skull
(ii) Thorax: Lung, Heart, Oesophagus, Trachea, Diaphragm, Thymus.
(iii) Abdomen: -Small intestine - Large intestine -Pancreas -Spleen, Bladder, Uterus, Fallopian tube/oviduct, Ovaries, Kidney, Liver, Stomach, Caecum, Colon
(b) Functions of Organs:
(i) Caecum:
It aids fermentation of fibre.
Absorption of fluid/salt/vitamins.
Houses microbes which produce cellulase for microbial digestion.
Site where digestion of forages take place in pseudoruminants.
(ii) Gizzard:
Contains grit/stones for grinding feed in poultry/aids digestion.
Stores feed in poultry/aids digestion
Stores feed temporarily/regulation of feed flow.
Mixes digestive enzymes with the feed/chemical degradation
(ii) Crop:
Hunger sensation centre.
Site for temporary storage of food feed/regulation of feed flow.
Allows feed to be moistened for digestion/aids digestion.
Acidification of feed.
(iv) Rumen:
It facilitates rumination.
Elimination of gases through eructation.
Site for fermentation of fibrous feed.
Houses microbes which facilitates digestion of fibre.
Production of volatile fatty acids.
Synthesis of vitamin B complex.
Receives feed.
It stores feed temporarily.
Absorption of volatile fatty acids.
Site of synthesis of microbial protein.
(v) Lung:
Helps in intake of oxygen/breathing/respiration.
Provide surface for gaseous exchange
Helps in the elimination of carbon dioxide.
(c) Practical Way of Checking Malnutrition in Livestock Production :
Deworming.
Giving supplementary feed
feeding weaker animals separately
use of fortified feed
adjusting stocking density
feeding the animals adlibitum /without restriction
Provision of quality feed.
Avoid overfeeding/underfeeding
Protecting animals from toxic plants.
Provision of salt lick.
Use of additives to stimulate feed intake.
Provision of good quality water
Balanced ration/diet
(d) Examples of Non-traditional farm animals. - Silkworm - Horse-Camel - Donkey -Quails -Grasscutter - Rabbit -Honey bees. -Geese Snail - Ducks -Guinea peas Pigeons.
