(a)Digestion in farm animals: Digestion is the process of breaking down ingested feed into smaller substances/absorbable by cells of the animal.
(b) Differences between the digestive systems of a chicken and a goat| Goat | Chicken |
| Presence of teeth for grinding | Absence of teeth |
| Presence of lips for holding | Presence of beak for picking |
| Four-chambered stomach | Simple stomach |
| Presence of rumen | Absence of rumen |
| Absence of crop | Presence of crop |
| Absence of gizzard/ventriculus | Presence of gizzard/ventriculus |
| Cannot digest high fibre feed/cellulose | Can digest high fibre feed/cellulose |
| Ruminates/regurgitates/chew the cud | Does not ruminates |
| Absence of proventiculus | Presence of proventiculus |
(c)
Methods of improving rangeland: (I) Irrigation (ii) Controlled burning (iii) Zero grazing/cut and carry system
(iv) Reseeding/rehabilitation/planting of cover crops (v) Controlled stocking (vi) Application of fertilizers (vii) Rotational grazing/avoidance of overgrazing/ padlocking
(viii) Pest control (ix) Diseases control (x) Weeding/rouging (xi) Erosion control
(d)
End product of digestion: (i) Carbohydrate -Glucose (ii) Protein - Amino Acids (iii) Fat and oil -fatty acids and glycerol
(e) Functions of proteins in farm animals: (i) Growth (ii) It aids blood formation (iii) Repair of worn out tissues/deteriorating cells
(iv) Synthesis of enzymes (v) Production of antibodies/pro-vision of immunity (vi) Synthesis of hormones
(vii) Syn-thesis of pigments (viii) Milk production (ix) Egg production.
(f)
Digestive enzymes in the small intestine of a pig: (i) Trypsin (ii) Amylase (iii) Lipase (iv) Peptidase/erepsin (v) Sucrase
(vi) Lactase (vii) Maltase
