(a) of terms used in agricultural ecology
(i) Soil texture- The relative proportion of particles of various sizes present in a given soil sample
- Measure of coarseness or fineness of a soil sample
-Used in soil classification
- Relative percentage of sand, silt, and clay in a soil sample

(ii) Soil structure
- The arrangement of soil particles into aggregates and the pores between them
- Aggregation of soil particles into different shapes soil and sizes
-Determines the rate of water percolation/ infiltration in the soil

(iii) Soil profile
- The vertical section of soil showing the various layers/horizons
- The different layers are underlining bedrock, weathered materials, subsoil, and topsoil
-Each layer is differentiated in terms of colour, texture, and organic matter

(b) (i) Advantages of grafting
- Useful for propagating plants whose cuttings are difficult to root
- Rapidly increase the number of desirable cultivars
- Provides disease resistance to a susceptible but desirable cultivar
- Used to change plant form
-Assist in repairing damaged plant parts
- Suitable for virus indexing -
- Helps plants to adapt to adverse soil/climatic/ environmental conditions
- Quickens maturity/fruiting
- Breeding true to type uniform plants

(ii) Tree crops that could be propagated by grafting
-Mango
- Avocado pear
- Rubber
- Breadfruit/jack fruit
- Soursop
- Citrus/any named citrus Kola
- Cashew
- Guava
- Cocoa
- Coffee
- Apple
- Moringa

(c) Cultural practices that could be used to replenish plant nutrients in the soil
- Planting of cover crops Planting of shade treescrop rotation
- Liming
- Agro
- forestry/ Alley cropping
- Organic manuring
- Mulching
- Fertilizer application
- Fallowing

(d) Measures farmers could adopt to control pests in grain stores
- Well constructed storage buildings/structures to prevent the entry of rodents and other pests
- Concrete floors/walls to prevent insects and rodents from creating hiding places
- Timely harvesting
- Removal of infested grains before storage
- Proper drying of grains before storage
- Stores should be well ventilated
- Stores should be rain/damp proof
- Store produce on a raised platform
- Inspect store regularly to detect pest infestation
- Fumigate store before storage and after removing old stock or consignment
- Use poisonous baits/rodenticides/pesticides
- Set traps to kill rodents
-Use hermetic air tight containers to store grains
- Clean/disinfect grain store before storage