(a) What is animal improvement? [2marks] (b) Give three aims of animal improvement.[3marks] (c) Define each of the following terms as used in animal reproduction: (i)parturition; (ii)gestation period. [4marks] (d) Name i three systems in the body of farm animals.{3marks] (e) Mention four advantages of castration in animal production. [4marks]
Explanation
(a)Meaning of animal improvement This is the process of producing animals with superior qualities to satisfy human needs (b) Aims of animal improvement -To produce animals that can adapt to adverse climatic conditions - To produce animals that are resistant to diseases -To produce animals that are tolerant to pests and parasites -To produce early-maturing breeds of animals -To produce animals with high feed conversion ratio/efficiency -To produce animals with fast growth rate -To develop animals for particular purposes e.g. racing , -To produce animals with high-yielding capabilities (c) Definition of terms used in animal reproduction (i) Parturition: This is the act of giving birth in farm animals (ii) Gestation period: This is the period of pregnancy or the interval between fertilization and parturition in farm animals (d) Systems in the body of farm animals - Excretory system -Muscular/skeletal system ( -Digestive system -Circulatory system -Respiratory system -Nervous system -Reproductive system / Endocrine system (c) Advantages of castration in animal production - Castrated animals grow faster - Removal of odour from meat -Makes animal docile and easier to handle -Produces tender meat quality -Reduces the incidence of venereal diseases in the flocks -Animals with undesirable qualities are prevented from mating