(a) Give three reasons why fish farming is important. [3marks] (b) State three factors that influence the choice of a suitable site for a fish pond. [3marks] (c) Mention two sources of each of the following feed nutrients: (i) water; (ii) proteins; (iii) carbohydrates; (vi)vitamins [8marks] (d) Mention two ways by which roundworm infestatoin is of economic importance in livestock production. [2marks]
Explanation
(a)Reasons why fish farming is important - Source of food for humans - Provides fish meal for farm animals - Provides employment - Provides income - Makes better use of land and water in the environment - For medicinal purpose e.g, cod liver oil - Source of foreign exchange - For research activities - For educational purposes - For pleasure and recreation - Source of raw materials for industries e.g scales, bones (b)Factors that influence choice of site for a fish pond - Water supply/availability of water - Availability of fast growing fingerlings - Vegetation of the area - Topography - Soil type - Size of pond to be constructed - Availability of feeds/feed supplement - Availability of labour - Water quality - Climate of the area - Accessibility (c)Sources of feed nutrients (i) Sources of water -Fresh fodder - Metabolic water from oxidation of fats - Direct intake of water - Fruits (ii) Sources of protein -Groundnut cake Palm kernel cake - Cotton seed cake - Linseed cake Sunflower seed cake -Milk -Maggot - Blood meal - Copra seed cake/meal -Fish meal -Forage legumes - Feather meal - Meat meal -Soya bean cake/meal (iii) Sources of carbohydrates -Spent grain -Molasses - Forage grasses -Hay/straw -Silage - Wheat bran -Rice bran - Tubers e.g cassava, yam -Fruits e.g plantain -Cereals (whole grains) e.g. maize (iv) Sources of vitamins -Fish/cod liver oil - Green leaves/leafy vegetables -Fruit vegetables e.g. pepper, onion, okro -Yellow maize - Palm oil Carrots/root vegetables - Bone meal -Vitamin premix -Milk -Cereal grains - Fish meal (d)Ways by which round worm infestation is of economic importance in livestock production - Feeds on digested food in the host -Retards growth - Sucks blood thus causing anaemia - Causes respiratory problem - Leads to indigestion of food -Causes constipation -Loss of weight(emaciation) -Leads to loss of appetite or anorexia -Causes general body weakness -Damages organs in the body -Cause death of host -Cause internal haemorrhage